Category: Essays

The Writer in The Voyage Out by Virginia Woolf

‘Books—books—books,’ said Helen, in her absent-minded way. ‘More new books—I wonder what you find in them …’

*

‘Novels,’ [Rachel] repeated. ‘Why do you write novels? You ought to write music. Music, you see’—she shifted her eyes, and became less desirable as her brain began to work, inflicting a certain change upon her face—’music goes straight for things. It says all there is to say at once. With writing it seems to me there’s so much’—she paused for an expression, and rubbed her fingers in the earth—scratching on the match-box’.

*

What novels do you write?’ [Rachel] asked.

‘I want to write a novel about Silence,’ [Hewet] said; ‘the things people don’t say. But the difficulty is immense.’ He sighed. ‘However, you don’t care,’ he continued. He looked at her almost severely. ‘Nobody cares. All you read a novel for is to see what sort of person the writer is, and, if you know him, which of his friends he’s put in. As for the novel itself, the whole conception, the way one’s seen the thing, felt about it, made it stand in relation to other things, not one in a million cares for that. And yet I sometimes wonder whether there’s anything else in the whole world worth doing. These other people,’ he indicated the hotel, ‘are always wanting something they can’t get. But there’s an extraordinary satisfaction in writing, even in the attempt to write. What you said just now is true: one……


A Kidnapped West and 89 Words by Milan Kundera (a rant followed by some notes)

A Kidnapped West: The Tragedy of Central Europe (2023)

I am writing from a small nation which is currently under threat, not only from the Orange Buffoon who wants a 51st, 52nd and 53rd State (as if that would get his face on Mt. Rushmore, or even a 666 dollar bill), but also from that weakness which politicians and political parties throughout the ‘West’ (‘And what just is that ‘West’, exactly, and how came it by its capital, Dubya?’, you ask? I’ll set aside what e.g. David Graeber might say about that, and give ya MK’s version below) have for their true constituents, those billionaires and corporations, whose ‘donations’, and lobbyists have procured those low-tax, lax-regulated environments which threaten to forever enshrine their monopolistic, trans-national dominance—at the expense of whatever is left of what we once called our culture—

‘a particular way of life, whether of a people, a period, a group, or humanity in general.’ (Raymond Williams, Keywords)

—as good a starting partial definition as any, I suppose (if but one of Williams’s tripartite initial forays into the topic) , or, with Milan Kundera in this book,

‘The identity of a people and of a civilization [as] reflected and concentrated in what has been created by the……


Genius Novels vs. Talent Novels and Martin Amis’s House of Meetings

If I were to give Martin Amis a ‘report card’ (in the manner in which Kurt Vonnegut famously gave himself), House of Meetings would indeed get an “A” from me, though that in itself would not place it in my Amis Oeuvre Top Tier (with the unofficial ‘London Trilogy’—The Information, London Fields, and Money, respectively, and in that order). Yet even to speak of mere “tiers” is, with the work of Mr. Amis, rather misleading, because with House of Meetings we are also speaking of a different kind of novel from the London Trilogy entirely.

But how does House of Meetings differ in kind from the London Trilogy (you ask?)?

Let’s think of it this way: Amis himself has written of ‘talent’ novels versus ‘genius’ novels, ‘genius being the God-given altitude of perception and articulacy’, he writes in ‘Nabokov’s Natural Selection’ (The Rub of Time), ‘talent being technique, and all the skills that come under the heading of Craft’ (he finds that ‘in about a dozen Nabokov novels, […] talent and genius are in near-perfect equipoise’.)

Fleshing that……


Visigoth by Gary Amdahl: An Appreciation (Announcement)

Over on my Longreads site I’ve written a long essay on Gary Amdahl’s award-winning 2006 first short story collection. Have a … longread!

Visigoth, stories by Gary Amdahl—an Appreciation


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Notes on Nationalism by George Orwell

Orwell begins this mighty-slim volume by proposing a comparison of ‘patriotism’, with ‘nationalism’, by which Orwell means—well, I’ll just let the Man himself take it away:

By ‘nationalism’ I mean first of all the habit of assuming that human beings can be classified like insects and that whole blocks of millions or tens of millions of people can be confidently labelled ‘good’ or ‘bad’. But secondly – and this is much more important – I mean the habit of identifying oneself with a single nation or other unit, placing it beyond good and evil and recognizing no other duty than that of advancing its interests. Nationalism is not to be confused with patriotism. Both words are normally used in so vague a way that any definition is liable to be challenged, but one must draw a distinction between them, since two different and even opposing ideas are involved. By ‘patriotism’ I mean devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life, which one believes to be the best in the world but has no wish to force upon other people. Patriotism is of its nature defensive, both militarily and culturally. Nationalism, on the other hand, is inseparable from the desire for power. The abiding purpose of every nationalist is to secure more power and more prestige, not for himself but for the nation or other unit in which he has chosen to sink his own individuality.

While I am not sure that such……


What Ever Happened to Modernism? by Gabriel Josipovici: an Appreciation

I have written a fairly long “Appreciation” of Gabriel Josipovici’s What Ever Happened To Modernism over on my LongReads page:

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The Reactionary Mind by Corey Robin (Review)

In the new edition of 2011’s The Reactionary Mind, Corey Robin updates what is sure to become a classic in the history of political thought.

You can read my much longer “digested read” or “midrash” of the book here

As I write this the populist, Trump-lite and thuggish, Boss-Hogg lookalike Premier of Ontario has invoked what is called the “Notwithstanding Clause” to overturn a judge’s overturning of a bit of legislation that sought to reduce the number of elected representatives on the Toronto city council—a bit of parochial political dirty tricks that make Doug Ford (brother to Rob Ford, the infamous late Mayor of Toronto) seem the most small-minded conservative ever. Yet he has great support from his base for attacking the courts, those “un-elected” challengers to the power of (cough cough) the supposed will of the People. Ford is in fact just playing from the conservative (that is, the “reactionary’s”) playbook, which is analysed in great depth and to superb effect in Corey Robin’s 2017 re-issue and revision of his 2011 book, The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Donald Trump (which originally stopped at Sarah Palin, who is absent from this edition (alas?)).

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Capitalism and its Discontents: On Benjamin Kunkel’s Utopia or Bust

I have written on the intersection of capitalism and literature in the past, and I’m intrigued about his project of giving the following thinkers (some of whom are more relatively unknown than others, especially to North Americans) a public hearing. So far, having finished the introduction and skipped to the “Further Reading” pages, I must say that I find his style to be engaging, personable, and forthright. Note:I will be adding reflections on each chapter of the book as I get to them — as of right now Chapters 1 and 2 are complete and can be found below.

Chapter 1: David Harvey

Kunkel locates the essence of Harvey’s work in the capitalist tendency to overaccumulate — “the fount of all crisis”, a word Harvey defines as “surplus capital and surplus labor existing side by side with seemingly no way to put them back together.” Investors sit on piles of cash, unwilling to put it into the hands of workers they won’t risk hiring, but upon whom the economy relies as consumers.

So far Harvey is depicted as assembling stray bits of Marx into a coherent picture of how, in “normal” circumstances, fictitious capital (credit), uses the promise of tomorrow’s profits to bridge today’s gap between a economy’s ability to pay its workers and the workers’ ability to consume what the economy produces. Thus always borrowing from the future imposes the GOD (Grow or Die) imperative on the economy.

Again,……


A Polyphonic Spree: Notes on Milan Kundera’s The Art of the Novel

I have always been obsessed with Milan Kundera, and wanted to figure out why, so I grabbed his book The Art of the Novel, and sat down to take notes. What follows is my account of his account of why he writes the kind of books that he does.

ONE: The Depreciated Legacy of Cervantes

In 1935 the philosopher Edmund Husserl diagnosed a “crisis of European humanity”(3) by which he meant the very modernity that Europe bequeathed to the rest of the world, for good or ill. This modernity was a Cartesian quest to mathematize scientific knowledge, as well as a Faustian quest for knowledge-as-power, the personification of which is a rather virile scientist who seeks to “apprehend” and “interrogate” the world much as Kundera’s own character Tomas in ULB (The Unbearable Lightness of Being) wields a scalpel, both in his role as a surgeon as well as in his epic quest to conquer the infinite variety of women in the world. And just as such men reduce women to the status of objects, modernity for Husserl “reduced the world to a mere object of the technical and mathematical investigation and put the concrete world of life, die Lebenswelt [. . .] beyond their horizon. The result is that modernity began a process of the “forgetting of being”(4), the forgetting of what it means to be human (and thus the reduction of what it means to be human to the scientifically discoverable.

But for Kundera the modern era is an ambiguous one, marked……


Football & the Death of the Hero in “56-0” by TC Boyle

Smart lad, to slip betimes away
From fields where glory does not stay,
And early though the laurel grows
It withers quicker than the rose.
—“To An Athlete Dying Young” (A.E. Housman)

Robert Downey Junior’s character Derek Lutz (in Rodney Dangerfield’s Back to School (1986)) may well have been poaching, with tongue-in-cheek, from Don DeLillo’s End Zone when he quipped that “violent ground acquisition games such as football are in fact a crypto-fascist metaphor for nuclear war,” but TC Boyle takes Lutz’s (or Delillo’s) conceit up a notch or two in “56-0”, which I jealously think is one of the most perfectly crafted stories that I have ever read. “56-0” can be found in Boyle’s  Stories, but it was previously published in his 1992 collection Without a Hero, whose title is a perfectly apt controlling metaphor for the story as a whole, since, with seemingly effortless grace, Boyle has somehow managed not only to revivify one of American culture’s most clichéd of plotlines (an underdog team’s attempted, “against all odds” heroic “comeback”), but also to bring the ossified Aristotelian unities magically back to life, such that his story gains a remarkable, athletic equipoise,  in which  humour is locked into a dialectical deathgrip with existential gravitas. And—somehow—Boyle  manages to make writing like this appear to be the most natural thing in the world.

1. Life is Football (and Football is Life)

The main character of the story is Ray Arthur Larry-Pete Fontinot, who……


The Arc of Modernity: From Hamlet to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead

The following is a little potted something that I give to my students when we are trying to puzzle out what it means to be ‘modern’, to work towards an understanding of what historical continuity connects  Hamlet to L20C works like The Unbearable Lightness of Being or Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead.

I include it here as an addendum to my previous post: before you go emailing me about how historically vulgar and Olympian it is, I’d just like to say that it is a bit, yes, vulgar and  Olympian, a bit of a caricature of intellectual history. But young students need to see history in such broad bush strokes to care about it at all, to feel it is relevant to their experience of the world as it feels like it stands now. I reproduce it here because, increasingly, I feel, a lot of contemporary literature has abandoned even this vestigial inkling of historical awareness.

So many writers today feel as if they can safely ignore the efforts of those who have written before us, those modernists hose who have wrestled with one or another version of this narrative: Joyce, Woolf, Beckett, Brecht, Borges, & etc, are now safely consigned to the dustbin of literary history, so easily forgotten in the search for the next Booker short list nominees. Writers today are free to write in any mode they choose, to write, even, as if 19C realism is in no way compromised or problematic. And yet……